HTML Quotation and Citation Elements
In this chapter we will go through the
<blockquote>,<q>, <abbr>, <address>, <cite>,
and <bdo> HTML elements.
Example
Here is a quote from WWF's website:
For 60 years, WWF has worked to help people and nature thrive. As the world's leading conservation organization, WWF works in nearly 100 countries. At every level, we collaborate with people around the world to develop and deliver innovative solutions that protect communities, wildlife, and the places in which they live.
HTML <blockquote> for Quotations
The HTML <blockquote> element defines a section that
is quoted from another source.
Browsers usually indent <blockquote> elements.
Example
<p>Here is a quote from WWF's website:</p>
<blockquote cite="http://www.worldwildlife.org/who/index.html">
For 60 years, WWF has worked to help people and nature thrive. As the world's
leading conservation organization, WWF works in nearly 100 countries. At every
level, we collaborate with people around the world to develop and deliver
innovative solutions that protect communities, wildlife, and the places in
which they live.
</blockquote>
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HTML <q> for Short Quotations
The HTML <q> tag defines a short quotation.
Browsers normally insert quotation marks around the quotation.
Example
<p>WWF's goal is to: <q>Build a future where people live in harmony with
nature.</q></p>
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HTML <abbr> for Abbreviations
The HTML <abbr> tag defines an abbreviation or an acronym, like "HTML",
"CSS", "Mr.",
"Dr.", "ASAP", "ATM".
Marking abbreviations can give useful information to browsers, translation systems and search-engines.
Tip: Use the global title attribute to show the description for the abbreviation/acronym when you mouse over the element.
Example
<p>The <abbr title="World Health Organization">WHO</abbr> was founded in
1948.</p>
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HTML <address> for Contact Information
The HTML <address> tag defines the contact information for the author/owner of a document
or an article.
The contact information can be an email address, URL, physical address, phone number, social media handle, etc.
The text in the <address> element usually renders in italic,
and browsers will
always add a line break before and after the <address> element.
Example
<address>
Written by John Doe.<br>
Visit us at:<br>
Example.com<br>
Box 564, Disneyland<br>
USA
</address>
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HTML <cite> for Work Title
The HTML <cite> tag defines the title of a
creative work (e.g. a book, a poem, a song, a movie, a painting, a sculpture, etc.).
Note: A person's name is not the title of a work.
The text in the <cite> element usually renders in italic.
HTML <bdo> for Bi-Directional Override
BDO stands for Bi-Directional Override.
The HTML <bdo> tag is used to override
the current text direction:
HTML Exercises
HTML Quotation and Citation Elements
| Tag | Description |
|---|---|
| <abbr> | Defines an abbreviation or acronym |
| <address> | Defines contact information for the author/owner of a document |
| <bdo> | Defines the text direction |
| <blockquote> | Defines a section that is quoted from another source |
| <cite> | Defines the title of a work |
| <q> | Defines a short inline quotation |
For a complete list of all available HTML tags, visit our HTML Tag Reference.